Death or Liberty by 
Root and Branch by equivalent treatment of and opportunity for members of different groups within society regardless of individual distinctions of race, ethnicity, gender, age, social class, sexual orientation, or other characteristics or circumstances. Given its breadth, social equality remains a global ideal yet to be obtained. Hierarchies continue to exist worldwide in which different groups of people are distinguished—whether intentionally or unintentionally—and consequently experience differential treatment that produces divergent daily realities.
APA Dictionary of Psychology (Retrieved 3/4/21)
Death or Liberty: African Americans and Revolutionary America
Douglas Egerton (Oxford UP, 2009).
In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626-1863
Leslie Harris (Chicago, 2003).
Root and Branch: African Americans in New York and East Jersey, 1613-1863
Graham Hodges (UNC, 1999).
The Great New York Conspiracy of 1741: Slavery, Crime, and Colonial Law
Peter Charles Hoffer (UP Kansas, 2003)
Somewhat More Independent: The End of Slavery in New York City, 1770-1810
Shane White (UP Georgia, 1991).
